Safeguarding in Health and Social care

Introduction: Safeguarding in health and social care is very important issue in the present healthcare organization. Safeguarding is the basic to high quality in health and social care. The meaning fundamental works by safeguarding are protect the harm from the people, enable to live in free environment, well being

and human rights and also protecting the vulnerable adults or children from neglect or abuse. In this assignment, describing the factors that contribute to the incidence of abuse and harm to self and others and the current legislation, policy and professional involvement regarding abuse in health and social care context. In task one reviewing the following article and explain why particular individuals and groups may be vulnerable to abuse and or harm to self and others and using this article above review the risk factors associated with the incidence of abuse and harm to self and others. In task two about the case scenario and about the following questions. Task tree is academic poster and also answer the following question in this assignment.

Task 1

Q1: Explain why particular individuals and groups may be vulnerable to abuse and or harm to self and others: 

Abuse is referred as any types of action that purposely harms or injures another person. It is a form of mistreatment by one individual that causes harm to another parson. There are different types of abuse and their signs and symptoms in this below:

Physical Abuse: this types of abuse is the action of slapping, misuse of medication, hitting, pushing restrict etc and the signs and symptoms are injuries at different stages in healing, bruising in unusual sites, inner arms, things, teeth indentations and injuries to head or face (Whitehead, Weiss and Tappen, 2010).

Sexual Abuse:  Sexual abuse including with rape, sexual harassment, verbal abuse etc. the signs and symptoms are change in behavior, difficulty in walking, setting, injuries to genital and anal area.

Psychological Abuse: The abusive actions are emotion that threat for health, humiliation, blaming, harassment etc. the signs and symptoms are change in sleep patterns, change in behavior, agitation (Whitehead, Weiss and Tappen, 2010).

Financial Abuse: it including theft, fraud, internet scamming etc. the signs and symptoms are unpaid bills, lack of cash on day to day.

How individual can respond to abuse including harm to self:

There are different types of people are responding to abuse including harm to self. The harm to self is intentional bad work for the individual and this makes the abuse. For example, a man has cut his hand by the emotional behavior and he is respond to abuse including harm to self. It is also the unusual work for the individual and another people cannot responsible for this bad work.  When the people are mentally injured and the effect goes to the whole body and they are responsible to abuse including harm to self. There are different types of self to harm such as punching or hitting themselves, cutting or burning their skin, poisoning themselves with tablets pr toxic chemicals, misusing alcohol or drugs etc. So, when the individual used this unworthy work that can respond to abuse including harm to self (Kelly and Crawford, 2013).

According to what happened in this scenario and explain how individual may be vulnerable to this types of practice:

By this scenario, four cares (Darren Smith, 35, Katie Cairns, 27, Carol Moore, 54, and Gemma Pearson, 28) have been sentenced for abusing elderly residents as a care home in Lancashire (BBC, 2017). If the people are getting experienced with the abuse then the people can make response in different ways. The physiological disabilities can make the causes people to be vulnerable because they cannot control their emotion during the abuse environment. On the other hand, the biological disabilities also cause the people to be vulnerable due to they cannot make their reactions in the abuse situation. The risk indicators focused these may be additional indicators that abuse is occurring such as chronic incontinence, destruction of physical environment, verbal abuse and aggregation towards the cares, change the personality caused by illness and or medication, obsessive behavior and self harm (Kelly and Crawford, 2013).

By this scenario,  Daren Smith, 35, from Lancaster, had pleaded guilty and was jailed for 8 months at Preston Crown Court. Katie Cairns, 27, was jailed for 5 months, Carol Moore, 54, was sentenced to 4 months and Gemma Pearson, 28, and was given 1 year community order that describe in BBC news. This abuse was took place from May 2010 to September 2011 at Hillcroft nursing home in Slyne-with-Hest near Lancaster. On the basis of the given scenario the person can be affected in many ways by abuse (BBC, 2017). The family problems such as hosing, financial, employment, lack of support are also affecting in abuse. The organizational factors like as weak and oppressive management, inadequate staffing, inadequate staff supervision support, and closed communication also effect on abuse by individual and they are vulnerable this types of practice (Kelly and Crawford, 2013).

Q2: Use the article above review the risk factors associated with the incidence of abuse and harm to self and others:

The causes are both complex and concealed to find out the reason for abuse. Here are major risk factors associated with the incidence of abuse and harm to self and others in this below: 

Dependency: The dependency is the vital issue in risk of abuse and harm to self and others. This dependency may be occurred to physical damages like as disability, physical frailty. Or the connective damages like as dementia, mental disease also happened by the risk of dependency. The abuse is dependent on the people by the regard to meet their own psychological, Physical, social, financial needs and emotional needs (Carnwell, Buchanan and Carnwell, 2009).

Carer Stress: In the abusing relationship, there are some factors are contribute to assessing carer stress such as lack of respite care, financial difficulties, inadequate support to give high quality care, personal stress, lack of recognition for the role of carers takes a high toll on the health and wellbeing of the carer etc.

Isolation:  The isolation in abuse in health and social care also increase the risk of abuse such as physical isolation, social isolation, emotional isolation, mental isolation etc.

Family Conflicts:  Family conflicts also the risk of abuse in health and social care. Abuse can be a current of domestic violence or family violence that re-emerges as abuse in the caring environment (Taylor and Themessl-Huber, 2009).

By this article, Daren Smith, 35, from Lancaster, had pleaded guilty and were jailed for 8 months and the court had punished for guilty. The risk factors abuse is connected in this scenario and happened vulnerable respond to abuse including harm to self. The court was told one man had his foot stamped on deliberately and another was nearly tipped out his wheelchair. The vulnerable victims were also pelted with bean and balls at their heads for entertainment. So the risk factors associated with the incidence of abuse and harm to self and others (Taylor and Themessl-Huber, 2009).

Task 2

In the task 2 the case scenario, focused that the procedure to minimize the abuse of the selected two scenario by referencing the practices and strategies in health and care working. In this task, I will discuss the scenario number 2 and 4 to perform this answer. Then I evaluate the working policies and practice by the selected scenario and suggest for taking abuse in situation.

Q3: Minimizing abuse with reference to existing working practices and strategies health care professionals employ and effectiveness of the suggested policies and practices:  

I have chosen the scenario number 2 and 4 for my case study. In this below, describing the process to minimize abuse taken in scenario 2 and 4:

Process to minimize abuse taken in scenario 2:

Female genital multination (FGM) includes processes that intentionally alter or cause injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. WHO defined as the Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) comprises all process involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons (sheet, 2017). There are more than 200 million girls and women alive today have been cut in 30 countries in Arica, the Middle East and Asia where FGM is concentrated. This is the traditional procedure in these countries. In this scenario, In a community centre run by the council, a 14 years old girl has confided and told that she is scared that her mother wants to take abroad to perform a traditional procedure called Female genital multination (FGM). This is very hard and complex procedure for this girl to perform in Female genital multination (FGM). As a youth worker, I perform to suggest minimizing this abuse for the girl. This is the sexual abuse and I help to the girl to take the necessary steps to minimize the abuse. I connected with the health care professional and working practice to relevant type of abuse according to the legislation, national policy, organizational policy and safeguarding and code of conduct.

Process to minimize abuse taken in scenario 4:

By this scenario, a case of a man who is being beaten repeatedly by his wife has been reported by an anonymous person. The anonymous person is the illegal immigrant in the country and he scared to report his wife. He slows the bruises on his neck and back to prove the evidence. In the developing country, the domestic abuse of women from her husband is generally seen and it happened in different family. The husband also harassed in this place. As a Social worker, I help to the person about to write a complained to give the police as a case Or which organization work in this case. The wife is very emotional and tries to abuse by his husband. His wife is pregnant and he claims that the wife pressures him to sex, rapes and slaps him every day. On the other hand, the man is illegal immigration person from the other country. So, I suggest getting the right process in this situation for this person. I involved with the health care professional and working practice to connected types of abuse following to the legislation, national policy and organizational policy as well as safeguarding and code of conduct (Fottler, Khatri and Savage, 2010).

Q4: Discussing my recommendation for improvement to working practices and strategies to minimize abuse in health and social care contexts:

In this question 4, I will try to give the proper solution for improvement to working practices and strategies to minimize abuse in health and social care contexts. Here is the suggestion according to the aspect of professional health care:

Suggest for taking abuse in situation no 2:

In the present world, female genital multination (FGM) is not seen in the developed countries. This is the ancient process and also the tradition of Arica, Middle East and Asia (sheet, 2017). This method is very harmful for the girls. In this case, a girl about 14 years has confided and scared by her mother and she want to take abroad to perform this traditional procedure (Haddad, Baris and Narayana, 2008). I suggest taking the right decision to remove this problem. I help to get the right consider for the girl and send the case in the local police as well as which organization works in this sectors. Then I try to understand her mother to remove this process and show the effectiveness of Female genital multination (FGM). I also show the harmless of Female genital multination (FGM). This can be influenced to remove the abuse by the scenario 2. I meet with the health care professors and take the necessary advice that how to protect in this abuse situation (Fottler, Khatri and Savage, 2010). Then I will take the proper decision according to the health care professors. When this method has failed I will go to the court and complain against the girl’s mother. Then the court takes the necessary steps with the codes of conduct and the legislation as well as the organizational policy.   

Suggest for taking abuse in situation no 4:

The scenario 2 and 4 are not same in this case study. Scenario 2 is about the abuse of female genital multination (FGM) and the scenario 4 is about sexual harassment. The scenario 4 has generally seen in the developing country. By this scenario, the affected person cannot know the rights in this situation. The person is unable to take the proper decision for taking abuse in this situation. I suggest getting the proper advantage from the local police and the police can take it easily to protect this sexual harassment. This is the abuse of sexual harassment and it prevents to associate organization in this country. The occurred person is punished for this abuse and unlawful work. The court also sends a notice about this situation. I help to get this process. The abusing process must be closed and this makes the proper environment   for removing abuse. So, the describing process can help to get the proper action about abuse for the person (Fottler, Khatri and Savage, 2010).

Task 3

Q5: Analyze the impact of social/cultural factors on physical, emotional, psychological, neglect abuse on service user and explain professional’s involvement in protecting vulnerable groups in health and social care:

The effect of social or cultural factors on physical, emotional, psychological, neglect abuse on service user are very important to the cause of elder abuse. In the developing countries, social or cultural issues may contribute to elder abuse. Here are the different impact of social/cultural factors on physical, emotional, psychological, neglect abuse on service user and explain professional’s involvement in protecting vulnerable groups in health and social care in this below:

Social and cultural Abuse Causes:  There are many societies the perception of elderly women that live alone is needy. In this reason, women may be accused of doing witchcraft or may be forced to marry (Goes, Savage and Friedman, 2014).

Family societal and cultural issue:  most of the cases about abuse occur in private homes and perpetrated by family members. The family societal and cultural issue is great impact on the social or cultural factors on physical, emotional, psychological, neglect abuse on service user.

Government and cultural issue:  there is a good relation with the government and the cultural and thus make the abuse for this environment. There are many countries such as USA; legislature has been put in an attempting to remove the abuse.

Population impact:  The fluttering population between generations may have a dramatic effect on the society and culture ability to the care the citizen (Goes Savage and Friedman, 2014).

Explain professional’s involvement in protecting vulnerable groups in health and social care:

In health and social care services the professional means the controller or manager the care homes. The manager takes the responsibility of the whole work and operates the strategies. The manager can able to manage the current process of the legislation in health care services. The manager can operate his vital roles in conforms the legislations that are followed when considering the safeguarding in vulnerable groups (Chilingerian, Blair, Fottler, Powell and Savage, 2009).

According the Health Care Act 2008, “The registration person must make suitable arrangements to ensure that service users are safeguarded against the risk of abuse by means of- (a) taking reasonable steps to identify the possibility of abuse and prevent it before in occurs and (b) responding appropriate to any allegation of abuse”.  The doctors have the professional experience in discussing with the types of vulnerable groups and identify the needs of care.  Nurses can ensure to minimize the risk in work in health and social care. Nurses in the health care context have a sound practice in discussing with operational risks and the needs of vulnerable groups within in health care setting. Health Standard Act 2010, Mental Capacity Act 2005, Data Protection Act and different working practices and strategies used to minimize abuse in health and social care in the health select communities inquiry into elder abuse (Bickerton, 2011).

Q6: Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of current legislation/policies relating to abuse of vulnerable people:

According to the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 it can be show that is a most vital act when assessing the saving of adults in health and social care context. This is the strong process and this is an advantage like as strengths that vulnerable for health and social care.  Following the Mental Capacity Act 2005 was to ensure the safety and wellbeing of people who have less mental capability like as people will mental disabilities, people will mental disorders such as anxiety (Blaire, 2008).

This has been argued that adult safeguarding boards should be placed on a statutory footing and that there should be a responsibility to consider too hard case review. The safeguarding board could commission such reviews. According to  The Care Act 2014, personal dignity including treating individuals with respect, physical and mental health and emotional wellbeing, protection from abuse and neglect, domestic, family and personal relations, the individual contributions to society. These are the strengths of current legislation relating to abuse of vulnerable people.

A weakness in this legislation in safeguarding vulnerable groups facilities in social care services like as health care, education, transport and even in legal environments. But the weakness of vulnerable parties is very influenced in this legislation and it only affects on the people who have mental disabilities and disorders. The other vulnerable groups are disabled in this legislation. So this reason, the weakness is this legislation only care about a strep of vulnerable groups in health and social care services (Blaire, 2008).

Conclusion: Abuse refers to as the most complex problem in the current world environment. This abuse defined from many aspects of groups and individuals. There are different scenario and feature that verities in different ‘situation. Safeguarding in health and social care describe with the abuse in both groups and individuals that happened in different culture. In this reason, if any role has to be played as heath professional then is to be over ensured and remarked that realizing the reasons behind the circumstances is very effective before providing any types of suggestion. At the end of this assignment it has been said that if the safeguarding can be maintained and followed properly then it will be possible very much to remove the abuse to the people.

 

Reference:

Blaire, J. (2008). Patient Safety in Health Care Management. Bradford: Emerald Group Pub.

Chilingerian, J., Blair, J., Fottler, M., Powell, M., Savage, G. and Savage, G. (2009). International health care management. Bradford (England): Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Fottler, M., Khatri, N. and Savage, G. (2010). Strategic human resource management in health care. Bingley: Emerald.

Goes, J., Savage, G. and Friedman, L. (2014). Annual review of health care management. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald.

Haddad, S., Baris, E. and Narayana, D. (2008). Safeguarding the health sector in times of macroeconomic instability. Trenton, NJ [etc.].: [Africa world press [etc.].

Bickerton, S. (2011). Principles of safeguarding and protection for learning disability workers. Exeter: Learning Matters.

Carnwell, R., Buchanan, J. and Carnwell, R. (2009). Effective practice in health, social care and criminal justice. Maidenhead: McGraw Hill/Open University Press.

Kelly, P. and Crawford, H. (2013). Nursing leadership and management. Toronto: Nelson Education.

Taylor, J. and Themessl-Huber, M. (2009). Safeguarding children in primary health care. London, UK: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Whitehead, D., Weiss, S. and Tappen, R. (2010). Essentials of nursing leadership and management. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis.

BBC News. (2017). Hillcroft nursing home staff sentenced for resident abuse - BBC News. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-lancashire-25676842 [Accessed 18 Apr. 2017].

sheet, F. (2017). Female genital mutilation. [online] World Health Organization. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs241/en/ [Accessed 18 Apr. 2017].

Academic Poster       The effect of social or cultural factors on physical, emotional, psychological, neglect abuse on service user are very important to the cause of elder abuse. In the developing countries, social or cultural issues may contribute to elder abuse.	Academic Poster Social and cultural Abuse Causes:  There are many societies the perception of elderly women that live alone is needy. In this reason, women may be accused of doing witchcraft or may be forced to marry.
In health and social care services the professional means the controller or manager the care homes. The manager takes the responsibility of the whole work and operates the strategies.	According to the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 it can be show that is a most vital act when assessing the saving of adults in health and social care context. This is the strong process and this is an advantage like as strengths that vulnerable for health and social care.
A weakness in this legislation in safeguarding vulnerable groups facilities in social care services like as health care, education, transport and even in legal environments.	The other vulnerable groups are disabled in this legislation. So this reason, the weakness is this legislation only care about a strep of vulnerable groups in health and social care services.